Snowdrop Therapy

Through Daniel, Andrew became fascinated with neuroscience and child development, studying at various universities.

He gained various qualifications in ‘Psychology, Neurophysiology and Child Development’, ‘Social Science’, ‘Professional Studies in Education’, ‘Language and Communication Impairments in Children’ and ‘Neuroscience and Child Development’.

Snowdrop began following treatment of two children.

The success they achieved resulted in other children finding their way to Snowdrop.

Today, 75% of children attending the Snowdrop programme are UK based, but there are other children attending from the USA, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, India, Romania, Sweden, Nigeria, South Africa and many more places.

In 2012, Snowdrop became a charity as a result of increased demand for their services.

What conditions are suitable? Conditions suitable for the programme include, but are not limited to; ADHD, Autism, Cerebral Palsy, Developmental Delay, Dyspraxia, Genetic Disorders, Learning Difficulties and Pervasive Developmental Disorder.

The Programme

The programme is built around the latest knowledge of how brain plasticity (the ability of the brain to change its structure and functioning in response to demand from the environment) responds to environmental stimulation and how that knowledge relates with how developmental processes proceed in the child.

The combination of these two strands of knowledge is used to stimulate the child’s development in all areas.

The programme begins with evaluation of the child’s functional capability in all areas of development – sensory, gross motor, fine motor, social, language and communication and cognition.

Once a ‘baseline’ of the child’s abilities in each area of development and an intimate understanding of his / her difficulties has been established, a series of activities is developed.

These are designed to stimulate the child to achieve the next higher level in each developmental area.

The implementation of these activities and recommendations will create a new developmental environment for the child.

Distance advice is provided for international clients and children who are unable to attend the clinic due to the nature and severity of their condition.

Assessment Process

(1). Once you make a request for an appointment, you will be sent a health questionnaire to complete and return at your leisure.

(2). You will then attend an appointment for a consultation in Devon.

(3). At the consultation, you will have the opportunity to discuss any issues concerning your child’s development.

(4). Challenges faced by your child and ideas concerning how their problems should be addressed are discussed.

You will have the opportunity to ask questions at any time.

(5). The practicalities of implementing a programme are then explored. – Such issues as how much time the family can commit and any other constraints on implementing the programme.

(6). Parents do not receive a programme on the day of our appointment. Over the proceeding days, all information is considered and collated. When this consideration is complete, the child’s programme of developmental activities is designed.

(7). Once you have received your programme (or distance programme), which will contain detailed instructions of how to carry out the developmental exercises prescribed, Snowdrop remain in close contact to ensure that you feel confident in carrying out the activities.

(8). Snowdrop remain in frequent contact to monitor progress and help guide you through difficulties which may arise.

The Distance Programme

Due to an increasing number of requests and in recognition of the fact that many families are unable to travel vast distances in order to obtain treatment for their child, whether due to practical constraints, financial constraints, or other reasons, the ‘distance programme’ is offered.

It has proven to be effective and children have made progress as a result of it.

The distance programme works in the following way: If a parent were interested in using Snowdrop’s services but felt unable to attend a conventional consultation in the UK, they should write or send an email, briefly outlining their child’s condition.

The parent is then asked to fill out a detailed developmental questionnaire which is then analysed y Snowdrop.

Video footage of various aspects of a child’s developmental function is also requested.

Once Snowdrop feel they have achieved a good understanding of the child’s difficulties, a programme of developmental activities is devised.

It is stressed that it is then the responsibility of the parents to gain approval for the programme from their child’s doctor, so that he may suggest amendments to the suggested activities in light of any medical problems the child may have.

It is also stressed that the preferable option is to attend a full developmental evaluation in the UK, however it is appreciated that parents may find that the option of a ‘distance programme’ makes treatment more accessible to them.

Cost

An initial assessment will cost £300, with follow up assessments every four to five months costing £250.

For international customers who cannot come to the centre and consequently seek distance advice, the cost is the same.

Research

Research on Snowdrop programme’s effectiveness, as well as research on brain plasticity, can be found on the charity’s website (http://www.snowdrop.cc/).

Contact Address: Snowdrop, Unit 2, Halthaies Workshops, Bradninch, Devon, EX5 4LQ Tel: Internationally +44 1392 881 939 From the UK 01392 881939 Email: [email protected]

Conductive Education Therapy

CE consolidates forms of education and rehab in a client centred approach, and helps people with lifelong disabilities improve/maintain their maximum level of independence by improving their physical, cognitive and problem solving abilities by working collaboratively with a multidisciplinary team (Tuersley-Dixon et al, 2010).

The role of the ‘teacher’, known as a Conductor; Analyses, provides feedback, keeps tempo, guides, practices, coordinates, encourages and motivates individuals as they gain mastery of their minds and bodies.

The “conductor’s music” is the particular functions and everyday tasks that a person needs to perform in order to reach their maximum level of independence and control.

This method aims to avoid learned helplessness that may come from doing too much for a child, rather than teaching the child to do things for itself.

Who can be treated?

Conductive education is suitable for children and adults with neurologically based disorders of movement, balance, voluntary and involuntary muscle control, perception, speech and language.

Suitable conditions include; Cerebral palsy, Parkinson’s Disease, Multiple Sclerosis, Stroke and Acquired Head Injury

Conductive Education in Northern Ireland

Background

In Northern Ireland, Conductive Education is administered a Buddy Bear Trust School.

This school was set up by the Buddy Bear Trust charity for children who suffer from cerebral palsy and motor disorders. Conductive education at the School has had life changing consequences for some of the children who have been lucky enough to attend.

The School can only help 12 children, each on a part-time basis. This is due to lack of funds and consequently, lack of teachers.

The school is, however recognised by the Educational Authorities in Northern Ireland as a Private Independent School.

Cost

The Buddy Bear Trust School is an independent school recognised and inspected by the department of Education.

The Education and Library Boards have paid the fees to enable children to be educated at the school since it opened in 1993.

The Education and Library Boards also pays a travel allowance to parents/guardians if necessary.

Parents pay nothing for the provision of the services of the school.

Whilst all political parties in Northern Ireland have been very supportive over many years, public funding has been very limited.

Referral process

Any parent who wishes to have a child attend the school should first of all contact the school and arrange an appointment to meet the principal Ildiko Veres who will then assess whether the child can be admitted to the school.

Any child of school age will be considered for admission.

Children of pre-school age will have the opportunity of attending the Mother and Child Group.

Parents may indicate a preference for the Buddy Bear School and if the statement names the Buddy Bear School the Education and Library Board must place the child in the school and pay fees and may also pay a contribution towards travelling expenses.

Arranging for a Board to place a child in the school can be quiet a long and complicated procedure so it is recommended that the parents start the process as soon as possible.

Contact

Buddy Bear Trust Killyman Road Dungannon BT71 6DE

Tel & Fax: 028 87752025

Email: [email protected]

Research

Strong evidence based research on Conductive education is limited and it has been assessed in only a few controlled studies which have focused mainly on progress in motor skills, and the method has been compared to traditional physiotherapy.

These studies are known to have been unsuccessful to reveal the dominance of conductive education.

There has been no scientific examination of long-term success or cost effectiveness of the therapy as a whole.

A review by Darah et al in 2004 found that the research literature did not provide conclusive evidence either in support of or against conductive education, and that the limited number of studies and their poor quality made failed to provide purely evidence-based decision-making about conductive education.

References

Darrah, J., Watkins, B., CHEN, L., BONIN, C., 2004. Conductive education intervention for children with cerebral palsy: an AACPDM evidence report. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 46, pp.87–203.

Fossberg, H., Rosbald, B, 2000. Conductive education -an educational program for children with cerebral palsy, Swedish Council on Technology Assessment in Health Care.

Sutton., A, 1999. Towards Conductive Education. In ISBN 978-963-85499-2-1

TUERSLEY- DIXON, L., FREDERICKSON, N., 2010. Conductive education: appraising the evidence. Educ Psychol Pract, 26, pp. 353–73.